Antecedentes, primeiro plano, lateral e propriedade intelectual pós -solo

No contexto de colaborações de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D), antecedentes, primeiro plano, propriedade intelectual lateral e pós -solo (IP) são quatro formas distintas de ativos de propriedade intelectual. Estes estão incluídos nas categorias mais amplas e mais gerais de conhecimento em colaborações de P&D ou inovação aberta. Embora os antecedentes e os conhecimentos e os conhecimentos sejam conceitos bastante estabelecidos, o IP lateral e o pós -campo e o conhecimento foram adicionados mais recentemente ao vocabulário conceitual. Esse conjunto de quatro conceitos foi introduzido pela primeira vez pelo Prof. Ove Granstrand em um relatório da Comissão Europeia em 2001.

Os quatro tipos de conhecimento/IP são definidos por Granstrand e Holgersson (2014):

Background knowledge/IP is knowledge/IP that is relevant to a collaborative venture or open innovation project that is supplied by the partners at the start of the project.Foreground knowledge/IP is all the knowledge/IP produced within the collaborative venture or open innovation project during the project’s tenure.Sideground knowledge/IP is knowledge/IP that is relevant to a collaborative venture or open innovation project, but produced outside the project by any of the partners during the project’s tenure.Postground knowledge/IP is knowledge/IP that is relevant to a collaborative venture or open innovation project that is produced by any of the partners after the project ends.

Leitura adicional

Wilkof, Neil (7 June 2010). "Background, Foreground and Sideground IP; Whence, What and Why?". IPKat. Retrieved 14 January 2013.Gresse, Christopher; Gredel, Daniel. Collaborative R&D in New Materials Innovation – Challenges for the Management of Knowledge and Appropriability. DRUID-DIME Academy Winter 2008 PhD Conference on Economics and Management of Innovation and Organizational Change. p. 14. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2013. Bader (2006) distinguishes four forms of IP: background, foreground, sideground and postground IP.Bader, Martin (2006). Intellectual Property Management in R&D Collaborations: The Case of the Service Industry Sector. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag.